References:
See the Reinert
Alumni Library site on proper reference format for both print
and digital sources.
Citations: If
you use parenthetical citations (author, year, p. #), then you do
NOT need to also use footnote citations. Save the footnotes
for material that is incidental to the content, clarifies
something ,or is interesting but doesn't fit your outline of
material, etc.
3 Line
Rule for Quotations: When you are using a quotation
from one of your sources, you should determine whether it is
longer than 3 lines. If not, you can simply put it into the
text, as is. If it is longer than 3 lines, you should
"start the quotation on a new line, which is
indented from the rest of the paragraph. The indentation
continues until the quotation is finished, at which point you
would put the parenthetical citation or the footnote indicator to
cite the source of the quotation. Don't forget to enclose
the quotation with quotation marks. This paragraph of
course, is not a quotation, but you can see how nicely such a
quotation would be set out for the reader to
contemplate!" (author, year, p. #)
At the end of the quotation, you would then resume
the paragraph or start a new one.
Widows and Orphans:
When you make a printout of your paper and find that there is a
heading at the bottom of a page, introducing the topic on the next
page, this is called a widow. "She" should be
moved to the top of the next page to be adjacent to the text being
introduced. When you print out the paper and there are one
or two lines left over at the top of the next page, with nothing
else following them, these are called "orphans".
They should be repositioned to be adjacent to the rest of the
text. Both of these can be taken care of automatically by
asking WORD to do it for you.
How to control widow and orphan lines formatting:
- Select the paragraphs in which you
want to control widows and orphans.
- On the Format menu, click Paragraph,
and then click the Line and Page Breaks tab.
- Select the Widow/Orphan control
check box.
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Live
Links in a Reference List: If you cite a website,
the link should be made to be a live link, so the reader can go
directly there if he or she chooses to do so. To do this,
type in the "http://" stuff as part of the website
address. Then when you hit enter, the link will be
automatically created.
Gender
Specific Pronouns: Now is the time in your writing
lives to learn to write in a style that is non- gender-
specific, unless you know the gender of the individuals being
discussed. At the same time you need to learn to minimize
the use of "he/she", "he or she", etc. types
of wordings that are awkward to read. Many times you can
substitute a noun, such as 'the business owner', or you can reword
the sentence so that no pronoun is necessary.
Common
Grammar Inconsistencies: Be merciless in
proofreading your own work for grammar errors.
